Servicios de salud para recién nacidos

Guía de campo para recién nacidos

Puntos clave

Los servicios para recién nacidos forman parte del ciclo vital continuo de la atención SRMNCAHabbreviation, incluida la prestación de servicios integrados para las mujeres y los niños desde la adolescencia, el embarazo hasta el parto, el período postnatal y la primera infancia.

En escenarios humanitarios, el personal debe proporcionar servicios integrados de salud materna y neonatal en todo el continuo de atención del sistema de salud, incluida la atención comunitaria y basada en establecimientos.
La atención esencial del recién nacido es la atención básica que debe proporcionarse a cada bebé, incluida la atención térmica (contacto de piel con piel), la prevención de infecciones, el inicio de la respiración, el inicio de la lactancia materna, el apoyo a la alimentación, la vigilancia de los signos de peligro y la atención postnatal.
Las causas comunes de morbilidad y mortalidad en el recién nacido incluyen infecciones, prematuridad y complicaciones intraparto, que pueden prevenirse y/o tratarse en entornos humanitarios con programas de salud apropiados y de buena calidad.

Data and estimates

Immediate Kangaroo Mother Care and Survival of Infants with Low Birth Weight. WHO KMC Study Group, 2021.
Essential steps for improving newborn survival. Global Health Learning Center, 2017.
Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality (EPMM): a renewed focus for improving maternal and newborn health and wellbeing. WHO, 2021.
Committing to child survival: a promise renewed progress report. UNICEF, 2015.
Essential interventions, commodities and guidelines for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health. PMNCH, 2011.
Newborn care supply kits for humanitarian settings. UNICEF, 2019.
Inter-agency reproductive health kits for crisis situations. UNFPA, 2019.

Articles

Immediate Kangaroo Mother Care and Survival of Infants with Low Birth Weight. WHO KMC Study Group, 2021.
PMTCT In Humanitarian Settings. Interagency Task Team HIV in Humanitarian Emergencies, 2015.
Antenatal care recommendations adaptation toolkit. WHO, 2020.

Advocacy and Comms

Immediate Kangaroo Mother Care and Survival of Infants with Low Birth Weight. WHO KMC Study Group, 2021.
Implementation Toolkit: Small and sick newborn care. UNICEF, Nest360, 2021.
Newborn Health in Humanitarian Settings: Toolkit. IAWG, 2018.
Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality (EPMM): a renewed focus for improving maternal and newborn health and wellbeing. WHO, 2021.
Surviving day one: caring for mothers and newborns in humanitarian emergencies on the day of childbirth. IAWG, 2019.
Joint statement: International WHO recommendations on interventions to improve preterm birth outcomes. UNICEF and WHO, 2017.
Committing to child survival: a promise renewed progress report. UNICEF, 2015.
Born too soon. PMNCH, Save the Children, MoD, WHO, 2012.

Technical Guidelines and Standards

Guidelines for the management of symptomatic sexually transmitted infections. WHO, 2021.
Standards for improving the quality of care for small and sick newborns in health facilities. WHO, 2020.
Quick reference for the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH). IAWG, 2019.
Essential obstetric and newborn care. MSF, 2019.
Inter-Agency field manual on reproductive health in humanitarian settings. IAWG, 2018.
WHO recommendations: intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. WHO, 2018.
WHO recommendations on newborn health. WHO, 2017.
Optimal feeding of low-birthweight infants in low-and middle-income countries: highlights from the World Health Organization 2011 guidelines. WHO, 2017.
WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. WHO, 2016.
Guideline: managing possible serious bacterial infection in young infants when referral is not feasible. WHO, 2015.
WHO recommendations on interventions to improve preterm birth outcomes. WHO, 2015.
Pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and newborn care: a guide for essential practice (3rd edition). WHO, 2015.
Early essential newborn care: clinical practice pocket guide. WHO, 2014.
Sterilization guidelines. ICRC, 2014.
Pocket book of hospital care for children. WHO, 2013.
Guidelines on basic newborn resuscitation. WHO, 2012.
WHO recommendations: optimizing health worker roles to improve access to key maternal and newborn health interventions through task shifting. WHO, 2012.
Operational guidance: breastfeeding counselling in emergencies. ENN, IFE, Irish Aid, 2021.
Programmatic guidance for sexual and reproductive health in humanitarian and fragile settings during COVID-19 pandemic. IAWG, 2020.
Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E). Programming in the context of COVID-19: considerations for adaptations. Save the Children, 2020.
Community case management in humanitarian settings: guidelines for humanitarian workers. UNICEF and USAID, 2019.
Operational guidance on infant feeding in emergencies, Version 3.0. Interagency Working Group on Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies, 2017.
WHO safe childbirth checklist implementation guide. WHO, 2015.
Operational guidelines on improving newborn health in refugee operations. UNHCR, 2014.
High Impact Practice - Kangaroo Mother Care. UNHCR, 2021.
Baby-friendly hospital initiative training course for maternity staff. UNICEF and WHO, 2020.
Helping Babies Survive AAP, .
Caring for newborns and children in the community. WHO and UNICEF, 2015.
Implementation Toolkit: Small and sick newborn care. UNICEF, Nest360, 2021.
Antenatal care recommendations adaptation toolkit. WHO, 2020.
Newborn Health in Humanitarian Settings: Toolkit. IAWG, 2018.
Joint statement: International WHO recommendations on interventions to improve preterm birth outcomes. UNICEF and WHO, 2017.
Born too soon. PMNCH, Save the Children, MoD, WHO, 2012.

Operational guidance

Guidelines for the management of symptomatic sexually transmitted infections. WHO, 2021.
Inter-Agency field manual on reproductive health in humanitarian settings. IAWG, 2018.
WHO recommendations: optimizing health worker roles to improve access to key maternal and newborn health interventions through task shifting. WHO, 2012.
Operational guidance: breastfeeding counselling in emergencies. ENN, IFE, Irish Aid, 2021.
Programmatic guidance for sexual and reproductive health in humanitarian and fragile settings during COVID-19 pandemic. IAWG, 2020.
Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E). Programming in the context of COVID-19: considerations for adaptations. Save the Children, 2020.
Community case management in humanitarian settings: guidelines for humanitarian workers. UNICEF and USAID, 2019.
Operational guidance on infant feeding in emergencies, Version 3.0. Interagency Working Group on Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies, 2017.
Operational guidelines on improving newborn health in refugee operations. UNHCR, 2014.
High Impact Practice - Kangaroo Mother Care. UNHCR, 2021.
Implementation Toolkit: Small and sick newborn care. UNICEF, Nest360, 2021.
Antenatal care recommendations adaptation toolkit. WHO, 2020.
Newborn Health in Humanitarian Settings: Toolkit. IAWG, 2018.
Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E) Toolkit: Rapid start-up for emergency nutrition personnel. Save the Children, 2017.
Surviving day one: caring for mothers and newborns in humanitarian emergencies on the day of childbirth. IAWG, 2019.
Born too soon. PMNCH, Save the Children, MoD, WHO, 2012.
Essential interventions, commodities and guidelines for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health. PMNCH, 2011.
Newborn care supply kits for humanitarian settings. UNICEF, 2019.
Inter-agency reproductive health kits for crisis situations. UNFPA, 2019.
Reprocessing guidelines for basic neonatal resuscitation equipment in resource limited settings. PATH, 2016.
Essential medicines and medical supplies policy and guidance. UNHCR, 2013.

Commodities and supplies manuals/guidelines

Inter-Agency field manual on reproductive health in humanitarian settings. IAWG, 2018.
Essential interventions, commodities and guidelines for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health. PMNCH, 2011.
Newborn care supply kits for humanitarian settings. UNICEF, 2019.
Inter-agency reproductive health kits for crisis situations. UNFPA, 2019.
Reprocessing guidelines for basic neonatal resuscitation equipment in resource limited settings. PATH, 2016.
Essential medicines and medical supplies policy and guidance. UNHCR, 2013.
UNICEF midwifery kit. UNICEF, .
Emergency health kits. WHO, .
WHO model list of essential medicines. WHO, .

Assessment and Implementation Tools

Guideline: managing possible serious bacterial infection in young infants when referral is not feasible. WHO, 2015.
PMTCT In Humanitarian Settings. Interagency Task Team HIV in Humanitarian Emergencies, 2015.
WHO safe childbirth checklist implementation guide. WHO, 2015.
High Impact Practice - Kangaroo Mother Care. UNHCR, 2021.
Essential steps for improving newborn survival. Global Health Learning Center, 2017.
Implementation Toolkit: Small and sick newborn care. UNICEF, Nest360, 2021.
Newborn Health in Humanitarian Settings: Toolkit. IAWG, 2018.
Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E) Toolkit: Rapid start-up for emergency nutrition personnel. Save the Children, 2017.

Training tools and resources

Early essential newborn care: clinical practice pocket guide. WHO, 2014.
Pocket book of hospital care for children. WHO, 2013.
Helping mothers and babies survive participant resources. Laerdal Global Health, AAP, and Jhpiego, .
Helping mothers and babies survive implementer resources. Laerdal Global Health, AAP, and Jhpiego, .
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC) in crisis settings, select signal functions outreach refresher training. IAWG, 2021.
Baby-friendly hospital initiative training course for maternity staff. UNICEF and WHO, 2020.
Trainings and tools for improving newborn health in humanitarian settings. Save the Children, Laerdal Global Health, Maternity Foundation, 2020.
Helping Babies Survive AAP, .
Management of the sick young infant aged up to 2 months: Chart booklet WHO, 2019.
Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for reproductive health in crisis situations: a distance learning module. WRC, 2019.
Small baby care series Global Health Media Project, 2018.
Essential steps for improving newborn survival. Global Health Learning Center, 2017.
Caring for newborns and children in the community. WHO and UNICEF, 2015.
Respectful Maternity Care Workshop Learning Resource Package. USAID, 2015.
Threatened preterm birth care: improving survival for preterm infants. Helping Mothers Survive, .
Implementation Toolkit: Small and sick newborn care. UNICEF, Nest360, 2021.
Newborn Health in Humanitarian Settings: Toolkit. IAWG, 2018.

Job aids

Management of the sick young infant age up to 2 months. WHO, 2019.
Small baby care series Global Health Media Project, 2018.
Respectful Maternity Care Workshop Learning Resource Package. USAID, 2015.
Threatened preterm birth care: improving survival for preterm infants. Helping Mothers Survive, .
Reprocessing guidelines for basic neonatal resuscitation equipment in resource limited settings. PATH, 2016.
Helping babies breathe 2nd edition reprocessing neonatal resuscitation equipment. AAP, 2016.
UNICEF midwifery kit. UNICEF, .

Reports and briefs

Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality (EPMM): a renewed focus for improving maternal and newborn health and wellbeing. WHO, 2021.
Surviving day one: caring for mothers and newborns in humanitarian emergencies on the day of childbirth. IAWG, 2019.
Committing to child survival: a promise renewed progress report. UNICEF, 2015.
Born too soon. PMNCH, Save the Children, MoD, WHO, 2012.

Secciones

Abreviaturas